Umahluko wokusebenza kweMotor 1: isantya/itorque/ubungakanani
Kukho zonke iintlobo zeenjini ehlabathini.Injini enkulu kunye neenjini ezincinci.Injini ehamba ngasemva naphambili endaweni yokujikeleza.Injini enokuthi xa uyijonga kuqala ingabonakali ukuba kutheni ibiza kangaka.Nangona kunjalo, zonke iinjini zikhethwa ngesizathu.Ke luhlobo luni lwenjini, ukusebenza okanye iimpawu ekufuneka injini yakho ifanele ukuba nazo?
Injongo yolu chungechunge kukubonelela ngolwazi malunga nendlela yokukhetha imoto efanelekileyo.Siyathemba ukuba iya kuba luncedo xa ukhetha injini.Kwaye, siyathemba ukuba iya kunceda abantu bafunde iziseko zeenjini.
Umahluko wokwenziwa komsebenzi oza kuchazwa uya kwahlulwa ube ngamacandelo amabini ahlukeneyo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Isantya/iTorque/Ubungakanani/Ixabiso ← Izinto esiza kuzixubusha kwesi sahluko
Ukuchaneka kwesantya / ukuguda / ubomi kunye nokugcinwa / ukuveliswa kothuli / ukusebenza kakuhle / ubushushu
Ukuvelisa umbane/ukungcangcazela kunye nengxolo/indlela yokukhupha imilinganiselo/usetyenziso olusingqongileyo
1. Ulindelo lwemoto: ukunyakaza okujikelezayo
Injini ngokubanzi ibhekisa kwimoto efumana amandla omatshini kumandla ombane, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi ibhekisa kwimoto efumana intshukumo yokujikeleza.(Kukho nemoto yomgca ehamba ngokuthe tye, kodwa siya kuyishiya ngaphandle ngeli xesha.)
Ke, luhlobo luni lokujikeleza olufunayo?Ngaba ufuna ukuba ijikeleze ngamandla njenge-drill, okanye ufuna ukuba ijikeleze ngokubuthathaka kodwa ngesantya esiphezulu njengefeni yombane?Ngokugxila kumahluko kwintshukumo ejikelezayo efunwayo, iimpawu ezimbini zesantya sokujikeleza kunye netorque zibalulekile.
2. Itorque
I-Torque ngamandla okujikeleza.Iyunithi yetorque yiN · m, kodwa kwimeko yeenjini ezincinci, mN · m isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
I-motor yenziwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyusa i-torque.Okukhona ukujika kocingo lwe-electromagnetic, kokukhona itorque inkulu.
Ngenxa yokuba inani le-winding lilinganiselwe ngobungakanani bekhoyili esisigxina, i-enamelled wire kunye ne-diameter enkulu yocingo isetyenziswa.
Uchungechunge lwethu lwe-brushless motor (TEC) ene-16 mm, i-20 mm kunye ne-22 mm kunye ne-24 mm, i-28 mm, i-36 mm, i-42 mm, iintlobo ezisi-8 ze-60 mm ngaphandle kobukhulu bobukhulu obungaphandle.Kuba ubungakanani bekhoyili buyanda kunye nobubanzi bemoto, itorque ephezulu inokufumaneka.
Iimagnethi ezinamandla zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iitorque ezinkulu ngaphandle kokutshintsha ubungakanani benjini.Imagnethi zeNeodymium zezona magnethi zinamandla asisigxina, zilandelwa ziimagnethi zesamarium-cobalt.Nangona kunjalo, nokuba usebenzisa kuphela imagnethi eyomeleleyo, amandla kazibuthe aya kuphuma kwimoto, kwaye amandla avuzayo amagnetic awayi kuba negalelo kwitorque.
Ukuthatha ithuba elipheleleyo lemagnethi eyomeleleyo, imathiriyeli encinci esebenzayo ebizwa ngokuba yipleyiti yentsimbi ye-electromagnetic ilaminethiwe ukwenza isekethe yamagnetic.
Ngapha koko, ngenxa yokuba amandla kazibuthe emagnethi ye-samarium cobalt izinzile kutshintsho lobushushu, ukusetyenziswa kwemagnethi ye-samarium cobalt kunokuqhuba ngokuzinzileyo imotor kwindawo enotshintsho olukhulu lobushushu okanye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
3. Isantya (revolutions)
Inani lohlaziyo lwenjini lidla ngokubizwa ngokuba "yisantya".Kukusebenza kokuphindwaphindwa kwemoto kwiyunithi nganye.Nangona i-"rpm" isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengeenguqu ngomzuzu, ikwachazwa njenge "min-1" kwinkqubo ye-SI yeeyunithi.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-torque, ukwandisa inani lohlaziyo akukho nzima ngokobuchwepheshe.Nciphisa nje inani lokujika kwikhoyili ukwandisa inani lokujika.Nangona kunjalo, kuba i-torque iyancipha njengoko inani lohlaziyo linyuka, kubalulekile ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zetorque kunye neenguqu.
Ukongeza, ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesantya esiphezulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa iibheringi zebhola kuneebheringi ezicacileyo.Okukhona isantya siphezulu, kokukhona ilahleko enkulu yokuxhathisa ukukhuhlana, kokukhona ubomi bemoto bufutshane.
Ngokuxhomekeke ekuchanekeni kwe-shaft, ukuphakama kwesantya, ngakumbi ingxolo kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene ne-vibration.Ngenxa yokuba i-brushless motor ayinayo ibhrashi okanye i-commutator, ivelisa ingxolo encinci kunye nokungcangcazela kunemoto ebrashiweyo (ebeka ibrashi idibane ne-commutator ejikelezayo).
Inyathelo lesi-3: Ubungakanani
Xa kuziwa kwimoto efanelekileyo, ubungakanani bemoto bukwayenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza.Nangona isantya (i-revolutions) kunye ne-torque yanele, ayinamsebenzi ukuba ayinakufakwa kwimveliso yokugqibela.
Ukuba ufuna nje ukwandisa isantya, unokunciphisa inani lokujika kocingo, nokuba inani lokujika lincinci, kodwa ngaphandle kokuba kukho i-torque encinci, ayiyi kujikeleza.Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukufumana iindlela zokunyusa i-torque.
Ukongeza ekusebenziseni imagnethi eyomeleleyo engentla, kukwabalulekile ukunyusa umjikelo womsebenzi wokujija.Siye sathetha ngokunciphisa inani le-wire winding ukuqinisekisa ukuba inani le-revolutions, kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba ucingo lulimale ngokukhululekile.
Ngokusebenzisa iingcingo ezishinyeneyo endaweni yokunciphisa inani le-windings, izixa ezikhulu zangoku zinokuhamba kwaye i-torque ephezulu inokufumaneka nangesantya esifanayo.I-coefficient yendawo isalathiso sendlela oluqiniswe ngayo ucingo.Nokuba inyusa inani lokujika okubhityileyo okanye ukunciphisa inani lokujika okukhulu, yinto ebalulekileyo ekufumaneni itorque.
Ngokubanzi, ukuveliswa kwemoto kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezimbini: intsimbi (umazibuthe) kunye nobhedu (umoya).
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-21-2023