I-5G yiteknoloji yonxibelelwano yesizukulwana sesihlanu, ebonakaliswa kakhulu yi-millimeter wavelength, i-ultra wideband, isantya esiphezulu kakhulu, kunye ne-ultra-low latency. I-1G ifikelele kunxibelelwano lwelizwi lwe-analog, kwaye umkhuluwa akanasikrini kwaye unokufowuna kuphela; i-2G ifikelele kwi-digitalization yonxibelelwano lwelizwi, kwaye umatshini osebenzayo unesikrini esincinci esinokuthumela imiyalezo; i-3G ifikelele kunxibelelwano lwe-multimedia ngaphaya kwelizwi nemifanekiso, okwenza isikrini sibe sikhulu ukuze kujongwe imifanekiso; i-4G ifikelele kwi-intanethi yesantya esiphezulu yasekuhlaleni, kwaye ii-smartphones ezinkulu zesikrini zinokubukela iividiyo ezimfutshane, kodwa isignali ilungile kwiindawo zasezidolophini kwaye ihlwempuzekile kwiindawo zasemaphandleni. I-1G~4G igxile kunxibelelwano olulula nolusebenzayo phakathi kwabantu, ngelixa i-5G iya kwenza ukuba zonke izinto ziqhagamshelwe nangaliphi na ixesha, naphi na, ivumela abantu ukuba balindele ukubandakanyeka ngokufanayo nazo zonke izinto eMhlabeni ngokusasaza bukhoma ngaphandle komahluko wexesha.
Ukufika kwexesha le-5G kunye nokwaziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-Massive MIMO kukhokelele ngokuthe ngqo kwiindlela ezintathu zophuhliso lwee-antenna zesikhululo se-5G:
1) Uphuhliso lwee-antenna ezingasebenziyo ukuya kwii-antenna ezisebenzayo;
2) Isixhobo sokubuyisela i-fiber optic;
3) I-RRH (intloko yerediyo ekude) kunye ne-antenna zidibene ngokuyinxenye.
Ngokuqhubeka kophuhliso lwenethiwekhi zonxibelelwano oluya kwi-5G, ii-antenna zokubonisa (i-multi antenna space division multiplexing), ii-antenna ze-multi beam (i-network densification), kunye nee-antenna ze-multi band (ukwandiswa kwe-spectrum) ziya kuba zezona ntlobo ziphambili zophuhliso lwe-antenna yesitishi sesiseko kwixesha elizayo.
Ngokufika kweenethiwekhi ze-5G, iimfuno zabaqhubi abakhulu beenethiwekhi eziphathwayo zihlala zitshintsha. Ukuze kufezekiswe ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo inethiwekhi, iintlobo ezininzi zee-antenna zokulungisa izikhululo zesiseko zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lonxibelelwano oluphathwayo. Kwi-antenna ye-frequency ezine, ukuze kufezekiswe ulawulo lwe-angle yayo ye-elektroniki yokuthambekela ezantsi, okwangoku kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zezixhobo zokulawula uhlengahlengiso lombane, kubandakanya indibaniselwano yezilawuli ezimbini zokulungisa umbane ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, isilawuli sokulungisa umbane se-motor ezimbini esine-transmission switching mechanism, kunye nezilawuli ezine zokulungisa umbane ze-motor ezakhelwe ngaphakathi. Kuyabonakala ukuba nokuba sisiphi na isixhobo esisetyenziswayo, asinakwahlulwa ekusetyenzisweni kwee-motor ze-antenna.
Ulwakhiwo oluphambili lwemoto ye-antenna yokulungisa umbane yesikhululo sesiseko ngumatshini odibeneyo wokunciphisa iimoto owenziwe yimoto yokudlulisa kunye nebhokisi yokunciphisa, enomsebenzi wokulungisa ukucotha; Imoto yokudlulisa inika isantya sokuphuma kunye nesantya esiphantsi se-torque, kwaye ibhokisi yokudlulisa iqhagamshelwe kwimoto yokudlulisa ukunciphisa isantya sokuphuma kwemoto yokudlulisa ngelixa inyusa i-torque, ifezekisa isiphumo sokudlulisa esifanelekileyo; Ibhokisi yokudlulisa umbane ye-antenna yesikhululo sesiseko idla ngokusebenzisa iiparameter zobugcisa zebhokisi yokuhambisa umbane, amandla, kunye nokusebenza ukuze ihlangabezane ngcono neemeko zokusingqongileyo ezifana nokusingqongileyo, imozulu, umahluko wobushushu, kunye nokufezekisa isiphumo sokudlulisa esifanelekileyo kunye neemfuno zobomi benkonzo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-01-2023